ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adipokines are hormones secreted from adipose tissue in response to extracellular stimuli and changes in metabolism. These hormones are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Adiponectin is one of these adipokines that has anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the role of adiponectin in gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and obesity during pregnancy
Materials and Methods: To conduct this research, a systematic of descriptive-observational studies by review was conducted searching databases, i.e PubMed, Iran Medex, SID, Google Scholar, between January 2000-February 2017, using the related keywords.The quality of the extracted articles was evaluated based on the STORBE checklist of contents and finally 20 articles were analyzed
Results: Adiponectin levels early in pregnancy increased, and with increasing insulin resistance during pregnancy, these levels gradually declined in maternal circulation and adipose tissue. Decreased adiponectin concentrations were also observed in obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus and can exacerbate insulin resistance, although levels of this hormone appears to increase in preeclampsia
Conclusion: These results indicate that reducing adiponectin levels is possibly involved in insulin resistance during pregnancy, obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus and the increase in levels of this hormone in preeclampsia is probably a physiological response to improving vascular function and insulin sensitivity
ABSTRACT
Introduction: leptin is a polypeptide produced by many cells, including adipocytes and appetite regulation is one of the most important functions. This hormone is a molecule with high potential to participate in a wide range of physiological and pathological functions that increase during pregnancy. During labour, leptin levels increase significantly, which can explain the difference between maternal serum leptin levels in vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Therefore, In this study, we compared maternal serum leptin levels during the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum in the two groups of women delivered by vaginal delivery and caesarean section
Materials and Methods: in this a nested case-control study of 166 pregnant women, maternal serum leptin levels at 28-32 weeks gestation and the first 24 hours after birth were measured. Data were analyzed by using the t-test, Fisher and Chi-square tests
Results: test results indicated a significant difference in serum leptin levels in both women before and after vaginal delivery and elective caesarean delivery [P>0.001] and [P=0.004] respectively. Maternal serum leptin levels in the first 24 hours after birth in the two groups showed significant difference [P>0.001]
Conclusion: maternal serum leptin levels were significantly higher after vaginal delivery than after cesarean section. Given the widespread effects of leptin on maternal and neonatal outcomes, vaginal delivery is recommended as the preferred method
ABSTRACT
Background: Increased oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome attracted attentions to antioxidant treatments. Calligonum Comosum is a planet with antioxidant propertis
Objective: This study aimed to investigating Calligonum effect on polycystic ovarian histology of polycystic ovary mouse model
Methods: Thity two female NMRI mice with 25-30 gr weight and 8 weeks age were investigated. A single dose of estradiol valerate [40 mg/kg; im] was used for induce polycystic ovarian morphology. Calligonum Comosom extract [20 mg/kg/ week; ip] was injected for 4 consequent weeks. In sham group, only DMSO was used. After 4 weeks, blood and histological samples were prepared to study
Results: There was no significant effect of 20 mg/kg Calligonum on polycystic ovarian morphology mouse model
Conclusion: The effect of other doses of Calligonum Comosum on fertility or adverse effect of this planet need to be more investigated
ABSTRACT
Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is the most important cause of oligoovulation and anovulation in women of reproductive age and in infertile women. Considering insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in this syndrome, it is believed that calcium, as well as vitamin D, will have a unique role in correcting the impairment in insulin secretion and help the development of oocytes in mammals. Therefore, this study was carried out with the objectives of evaluating the effects of calcium on human ovulation and on the size of follicles in comparison with the current use of metformin. In this research, all PCOS patients [In accordance with the Rotterdam criteria and diagnosis confirmation by a gynecologist] who attended the infertility unit of Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center from 2004 to 2005, after expressing their willingness to participate in the research were assigned to three 20-patient treatment groups as it follows: The cases were treated daily with: 1] Calcium/Vit. D [1000/mg], 2] Calcium/Vit. D [1000 mg] and metformin [1500mg] or 3] Metformin [1500mg] tablets for 3 months and were followed up for 3 more months. After this 6-month period, the size of dominant follicles, regularity of menses and pregnancy were checked for. After data collection and entry, statistical analysis [Kruskal Wallis, t-test, ANOVA and Generalized Estimating Equation [GEE] Regression] on the basis of the hypothesis, with a significance level of p=0.05 was performed by using SPSS software [Version 11]. Considering the response to treatment by the patients [Dominant follicle >/= 12mm in size], GEE showed that the response was significantly higher during the 5[th]-6[th] months in the Calcium/Vit. D and metformin treatment group than the ones from the other groups [p= 0.03]. Considering the effects of metformin in reducing and regulating insulin production, and vitamin-D in regulating and correcting serum insulin levels, simultaneous administration of these two medications is suggested for the treatment of insulin impairment and reduction of androgen levels for better oocyte maturation
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Vitamin D , Calcium , Insulin Resistance , Ovulation/drug effects , Metformin , HyperandrogenismABSTRACT
Neisseria gonorrhea infection is a very common sexually transmitted disease. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of endocervical Gonorrhea in pregnant and non pregnant women. This is a pilot study which has been conducted on 500 pregnant and non pregnant women. The data was collect with a questionnaire. The study showed equal prevalence of Gonococcal infection in pregnant and non pregnant 0.4% [1/250]